The standard of Gigabit Ethernet is formulated by IEEE 802.3, and there are currently two cabling standards, 802.3z and 802.3ab. Among them, 802.3ab is a cabling standard based on twisted pair, using 4 pairs of Category 5 UTP, and the maximum transmission distance is 100m. While 802.3z is a Fibre Channel-based standard, there are three types of media used:

1. 1000Base-LX specification. This specification is for the parameters of multimode and single mode fibers used for long distances. Among them, the transmission distance of multi-mode fiber is 300 (550 meters, and the transmission distance of single-mode fiber is 3000 meters. This specification requires the use of relatively expensive long-wave laser transceivers.

2. 1000Base-SX specification. This specification is for the parameters of multimode fiber used in short distance, using multimode fiber and low-cost short-wave CD (compact disc) or VCSEL laser, its transmission distance is 300 to 550 meters.

3. 1000BASE-CX specification. Use short-distance shielded twisted pair STP with a transmission distance of 25m, which is mainly used to connect high-performance servers and high-speed peripherals with short jumper cables in the wiring room.