Fiber Optic Cable transmits signals in the form of light pulses, so the raw materials are mainly glass or plexiglass. It consists of a fiber core, cladding and protective sheath.

The structure of an optical fiber is very similar to that of a coaxial cable, and the center is an optical fiber made of glass or transparent plastic, surrounded by protective materials. According to the different ways of generating optical signals, optical fibers can be divided into single-mode fibers and multi-mode fibers. (The so-called "mode" refers to a beam of light entering the fiber at a certain angle). Multimode fiber is generally used for network connections within the same office building or in relatively closely spaced areas. Single-mode fiber, on the other hand, has higher data quality and longer transmission interval, and is usually used to connect between office buildings or geographically dispersed networks.

network. If fiber optic cable is used as the network transmission medium, equipment such as optical transceivers need to be added, so the cost investment is larger, and it is less used in general applications.

The biggest feature of optical fiber is that it conducts optical signals, so it is not disturbed by external electromagnetic signals, and the attenuation speed of the signal is very slow, so the transmission interval of the signal is much farther than the various network cables that transmit electrical signals above, and it is especially suitable for in places with harsh electromagnetic environments. Because of the optical reflection characteristics of optical fibers, one optical fiber can transmit multiple signals at the same time, so the transmission speed of optical fibers can be very high. At present, the optical fiber network of 1Gbps and 1000Mbps has become the mainstream high-speed network. In theory, the optical fiber network can reach 50000Gbps and 50Tbps. speed. However, the use of optical fiber as a network transmission medium requires certain expertise and special equipment such as optical transceivers, so the cost is higher and it is less used in general applications.